Grammar Modules
The Infinitive in French Grammar
The infinitif (the infinitive) is the base form of the verb: it is a non-conjugated form that, like the participles, does not express a tense, person or number. The French infinitives can be grouped by their endings: -er (parler), -ir (finir), -re (prendre) or -oir (voir). In French there are several phrases, words and structures that are followed by the infinitive.
The Scene
Client :
Je voudrais acheter un billet pour Paris.
Vendor :
Il faut payer au guichet.
When to use the infinitive in French
Sensory Verbs
Used after verbs of perception (voir, entendre, sentir).
"J'entends les oiseaux chanter."
Intentions & Desires
Used after verbs of desire or intent (vouloir, pouvoir, devoir).
"Je veux voyager en France."
Prepositions
ÀTendency/Destination
J'ai tendance à oublier.
DEOrigin/Cause
Il a décidé de partir.
POURPurpose/Goal
Je travaille pour vivre.
SANSAbsence
Il est parti sans parler.
How to form the negative with the infinitif
Ne Pas(Both parts of negation precede the infinitive)
Il a décidé de ne pas venir.
Je préfère ne jamais mentir.