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Ang pagtukoy ng oras sa French ay nangangailangan ng higit pa sa orasan; kailangan nito ang mga tamang preposition. Nag-iiskedyul ka man ng pagpupulong o nag-aalala tungkol sa nakaraan, ang paggamit ng tamang termino ay napakahalaga. Magsanay ng mga pattern na ito gamit ang mga interactive exercise ng PrepMyFrench upang mapahusay ang iyong katatasan.
Gamitin ang mga ito kapag tinutukoy ang isang tiyak na oras, araw, o petsa. Suriin ang aming gabay sa French Articles upang makita kung paano sila nakikipag-ugnayan sa mga ekspresyon ng oras.
Para sa mas malawak na saklaw ng oras tulad ng mga panahon (seasons) o siglo, gumagamit ang French ng mga tiyak na marker. Hindi sigurado sa verb tense? Suriin ang PrepMyFrench verb conjugator para sa tulong.
Ginagamit para sa mga aksyong nagsimula sa nakaraan at nagpapatuloy hanggang ngayon.
Ginagamit para sa mga aksyong tumagal ng isang tiyak na oras at tapos na ngayon.
Ginagamit para sa duration na nilalaan para sa hinaharap.
Je pars dans une heure
Nakatuon sa panimulang punto sa hinaharap.
Je voyage pendant une heure
Nakatuon sa kabuuang haba ng aktibidad.
J'habite ici depuis cinq ans.
I've been living here for five years. (ongoing action)
J'ai vécu à Paris pendant trois ans.
I lived in Paris for three years. (completed duration)
Je pars en vacances dans deux semaines.
I'm going on vacation in two weeks. (future point in time)
Elle est arrivée il y a une heure.
She arrived an hour ago.
Je travaille de neuf heures à cinq heures.
I work from nine to five.
Le musée est ouvert jusqu'à dix-huit heures.
The museum is open until 6 PM.
J'habite ici pendant cinq ans.
J'habite ici depuis cinq ans.
Depuis = 'for' when the action is STILL ONGOING. Pendant = 'for' a COMPLETED duration. J'habite ici depuis 5 ans (I've been living here for 5 years — still here). J'ai habité ici pendant 5 ans (I lived here for 5 years — I don't anymore). This is the most tested time preposition distinction at B1.
Je pars pour deux semaines. (ambiguous)
Je pars pour deux semaines. / Je pars pendant deux semaines.
Pour = 'for' a PLANNED future duration (Je pars pour 2 semaines = I'm going for 2 weeks). Pendant can also be used for future but is less common. Pour emphasizes the intended duration; pendant is neutral.
J'attends depuis une heure. Il n'est toujours pas arrivé.
Ça fait une heure que j'attends. Il n'est toujours pas arrivé.
Since/for + duration can also be expressed with 'ça fait...que' or 'il y a...que' + present tense: Ça fait 5 ans que j'habite ici = I've been living here for 5 years. This construction sounds more natural in spoken French than depuis alone.
🌉 The Timeline Bridges
Think of French time prepositions as a timeline: DEPUIS is a bridge that started in the past and STILL STANDS (ongoing). PENDANT is a bridge that was built and then torn down (completed). POUR is a bridge not yet built but PLANNED. DANS points to a specific future moment. IL Y A looks backward from now. Each preposition is a different type of time-travel device!
Time prepositions are a B1 grammar point in TEF/TCF. The depuis vs pendant distinction is tested in both the grammar section and Expression Écrite. Use depuis + présent for ongoing actions (Je travaille ici depuis 2019). Use pendant + passé composé for completed durations (J'ai travaillé là-bas pendant 2 ans). The dans vs en distinction is also key: dans 5 minutes = in 5 minutes from now, en 5 minutes = within a 5-minute span.
Catching up with an old friend:
Ça fait longtemps ! Tu habites toujours à Lyon ?
Oui, j'y habite depuis 2018. Et toi ?
J'ai vécu à Bordeaux pendant deux ans, mais je suis revenu il y a six mois.
On se revoit dans un mois pour mon anniversaire ?
Master depuis, pendant, pour, il y a, dans, en, à with 20 interactive questions on PrepMyFrench. These distinctions are critical for TEF/TCF. Instant scoring.
Practice using French time prepositions in a real conversation with PrepMyFrench's AI examiner. Get pronunciation feedback scored to TEF/TCF standards.