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Declarative Sentences in French Grammar

A declarative sentence (une phrase affirmative simple) makes a statement, gives an opinion, shares a thought, declares a fact etc. Declarative sentences usually have the following word order: subject – verb – object. In French, as in English, the subject has to come at the beginning of the sentence.

Example:

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In French, just like in English, it is impossible to change the position of the subject (the dog) and the object (the ball) without completely changing the meaning of the sentence.

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Word order in French sentences

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SubjectVerbDirect ObjectIndirect Object
Sandrinea montréle cheminà ses amis.

Secondary Rule: If the direct object has a relative clause attached to it, then the indirect object usually comes first.

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What is mise en relief?

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C’est / Ce sont … qui / que / dont …

Place the element you want to emphasise at the beginning:

Emphasise Subject (qui): C’est Simon qui a mangé la dernière part.
Emphasise Object (que): C’est le gâteau que Simon avait fait.
Emphasise Object with de (dont): Ce sont les amis dont je t’ai parlé.

Ce qui / Ce que / Ce dont …, c’est/ce sont …

Place the element to emphasise towards the end:

Ce qui plaît beaucoup à Julie, ce sont ces chaussures.
Ce que Julie aimerait acheter, c’est cette robe.

Adverbs

Adverbs and adverbial phrases can come at the beginning of a sentence, in the middle, or at the end. Putting an adverb at the end often emphasises its importance.

Demain, Charles ira faire du vélo.

Charles ira demain faire du vélo.

Charles ira faire du vélo demain.

Practice Declarative Sentences

Reinforce your understanding of French sentence order and emphasis through interactive practice.

1
Word Order Basics
2
Direct vs Indirect
3
Mise en Relief Pro
4
Adverb Placement