PrepMyFrench

French Conditional Clauses (Si-Sentences)

Grammar_SentenceStructure_Conditional.intro_desc1

Grammar_SentenceStructure_Conditional.intro_desc2

Type 1: Real Condition (La condition réelle)

Used for realistic possibilities that have a good chance of coming true (e.g., "Maybe I'll have time later").

Condition

Si + Présent

Result

Présent / Futur / Impératif

Si j'ai le temps, je t'aide.

Present: general truth

Si j'ai du temps cet après-midi, je t'aiderai.

Future: specific time

Si tu as faim, mange !

Imperative: command

Type 2: Unreal Condition in the present (La condition irréelle dans le présent)

Used to talk about a condition that is impossible in the present, or very unlikely in the future (e.g., "If I had time [but I don't]").

Condition

Si + Imparfait

Result

Conditionnel Présent

Si j'avais le temps, je t'aiderais.

For some reason, I don't/won't have time

Si j'étais riche, j'achèterais une grande maison.

Hypothetical present

Type 3: Unreal condition in the past (La condition irréelle dans le passé)

Used to talk about an alternative past condition and its hypothetical outcome (e.g., "If I had had time [but I didn't]"). This imagines an alternative past that cannot be changed.

Condition

Si + Plus-que-parfait

Result

Conditionnel Passé

Si j'avais eu le temps, je t'aurais aidée.

Past hypothesis

S'il n'avait pas plu, nous serions sortis.

Past outcome changed

Important Note on 'Si'

Grammar_SentenceStructure_Conditional.note_desc

s'il
s'ils
si elle
s'elle
si on
s'on

Practice French Si-Clauses

Master the three types of conditional sentences in French through targeted drills.

1
Type 1: Real Condition Drills
2
Type 2: Unreal Present Hypotheses
3
Type 3: Unreal Past Regrets
4
The 'Si + Il/Elle' Elision Drill