French Nationality · CEFR Levels
What French Level Do You Need for French Nationality?
The French level required for naturalization: B2 for nationality by decree, B1 for nationality by declaration (marriage). Which tests prove it (DELF B2, TCF ANF), who is exempt, and how to prepare.
Quick Answer
French nationality by naturalization (decree) requires level B2 of the CEFR. Nationality by declaration, including by marriage, requires level B1. You prove your level with an officially recognized test: DELF B2 (or B1) or the TCF ANF (Accession à la Nationalité Française). Some applicants are exempt, for example those who studied in French or are over 65 with a long residence history.
B2 for naturalization by decree
The main route to French nationality is naturalization by decree. Under Article 21-24 of the Code civil, applicants must demonstrate level B2 of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). B2 is upper-intermediate: you can express yourself clearly and in detail on complex topics, and take part in a conversation spontaneously.
The level is not self-declared. You must submit a certificate from a recognized test or diploma with your naturalization application. The most common are the DELF B2 diploma and the TCF ANF.
- Naturalization by decree (the standard route) requires B2.
- B2 = upper-intermediate, CEFR level 4.
- Prove it with DELF B2 or TCF ANF with a B2 result.
B1 for nationality by declaration
Some nationality routes go through declaration rather than decree. The best-known is nationality by marriage (Article 21-28), which requires level B1. B1 is intermediate: you can handle everyday situations, describe events, and give brief reasons for your opinions.
If your route is a declaration, the bar is B1 — one level lower than the decree route. Confirm which path applies to you before choosing which test to take.
- Nationality by marriage (declaration) requires B1.
- B1 = intermediate, CEFR level 3.
- Prove it with DELF B1 or TCF ANF with a B1 result.
Which tests and diplomas are accepted
France Éducation International administers both recognized options. The DELF (Diplôme d'études en langue française) is a permanent diploma — it does not expire. The TCF ANF is a test specifically for nationality applications and is valid for two years.
Both are accepted by the French administration. The DELF is the safer choice if you may need the certificate for other purposes later (residence cards, work), because it never expires.
- DELF B2 — permanent diploma, no expiry.
- TCF ANF — test for nationality, valid 2 years.
- Both administered under France Éducation International.
Who is exempt
You may be exempt from the language requirement if you meet certain conditions. Common exemptions include having completed secondary or higher education in French, or being over 65 with a long period of residence in France.
Exemptions are assessed case by case. If you think you qualify, check the criteria on the official service-public.fr site before assuming you do not need to take a test.
Practice next
Practice DELF B2 speaking and writing with AI-scored simulations that match the official exam format, so you can demonstrate the level French nationality requires.
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Frequently asked questions
What French level is required for French nationality?
Naturalization by decree requires level B2 of the CEFR. Nationality by declaration, including by marriage, requires level B1. You prove your level with a recognized test such as the DELF B2 (or B1) or the TCF ANF.
Is DELF B2 enough for French naturalization?
Yes. The DELF B2 diploma is an officially recognized proof of level B2 and is accepted for naturalization by decree. Unlike the TCF ANF, the DELF diploma does not expire.
What is the TCF ANF?
The TCF ANF (Test de connaissance du français — Accession à la Nationalité Française) is the French government test specifically designed for nationality applications. It assesses listening and speaking and is valid for two years.
Do I need B2 or B1 for French nationality by marriage?
Nationality by marriage is a declaration route, which requires level B1, not B2. If you are applying by decree (the standard naturalization route), you need B2.
Can I be exempt from the French language test for nationality?
Yes, in certain cases — for example if you completed your schooling in French, or if you are over 65 and have lived in France for a long period. Exemptions are assessed individually on the official application.
How do I prepare for the DELF B2 for nationality?
Practice the DELF B2 speaking and writing formats under real timing. The exam tests sustained argumentation, vocabulary range, and the ability to handle complex topics — so timed speaking and writing practice with feedback is the most effective preparation.